在大部分Linux发行版本中,sendmail这个古老的邮件系统包是默认安装的,装完系统后,重启时,不少兄弟遇到在启动过程中,到了启动
查看操作系统版本:
[root@rac1 ~]# cat /etc/issue
Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (October Update 7)
Kernel \r on an \m
查看内核版本:
[root@rac1 ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.9-78.0.0.0.1.ELsmp (mockbuild@ca-build15.us.Oracle.com) (gcc version 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-10)) #1 SMP Fri Jul 25 14:41:56 EDT 2008
vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.10.11 rac1
192.168.10.12 rac1-vip
10.10.10.11 rac1-priv
192.168.10.21 rac2
192.168.10.22 rac2-vip
10.10.10.21 rac2-priv
192.168.10.31 rac-cluster
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1031 dba
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01/
Using any text editor, create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file, and add or edit lines similar to the following:
Note:
Include lines only for the kernel parameter values that you want to change. For the semaphore parameters (kernel.sem), you must specify all four values. If any of the current values are larger than the minimum value, then specify the larger value.
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Note:
By specifying the values in the /etc/sysctl.conf file, they persist when you restart the system. On SUSE Linux Enterprise Server systems, enter the following command to ensure that the system reads the/etc/sysctl.conf file when it restarts:
# /sbin/chkconfig boot.sysctl onEnter the following command to change the current values of the kernel parameters:
# /sbin/sysctl -pIf necessary, update the resource limits in the /etc/security/limits.conf configuration file for the installation owner. For example, add the following lines to the/etc/security/limits.conf file:
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Sendmail是最重要的邮件传输代理程序。理解电子邮件的工作模式是非常重要的。一般情况下,我们把电子邮件程序分解成用户代理,传输代理和投递代理。 关闭Sendmail服务具体命令实现如下:
关闭sendmail服务
(1)[root@sample ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail stop ← 关闭sendmail服务
或者[root@sample ~]# service sendmail stop ← 关闭sendmail服务
Shutting down sendmail: [ OK ]
Shutting down sm-client: [ OK ]
(2)[root@sample ~]# chkconfig sendmail off ← 关闭sendmail自启动
(3)[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list sendmail ← 确认sendmail自启动已被关闭(都为off就OK)
sendmail 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
在大部分Linux发行版本中,sendmail这个古老的邮件系统包是默认安装的,装完系统后,重启时,不少兄弟遇到在启动过程中,到了启动sendmail服务的时候就停止了,没有耐性和经验的朋友这时候可能会以为系统出故障或者系统没有装好,其实既不是系统出故障,一般也不是系统没有安装好,而是系统启动sendmail的时候在查询你设置的主机名的A记录或反向域名记录,由于全球9台DNS根系统都在美国,,这个时候会去查询本机主机名对应的dns A记录。
知道了问题的症结,就可以对症下药了,比如我们可以修改系统配置文件/etc/hosts
让sendmaill绕过查询远程主机,这里给出一种最简单的方法
修改/etc/hosts ,未修改之前
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
修改成
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 主机名称
上述操作要在root权限下执行,查看主机名命令:hostname。
当我重新启动是发现sendmail和sm-client启动是秒级了。
NTP
To do this, on Oracle Linux, Red Hat Linux, and Asianux systems, edit the
/etc/sysconfig/ntpd file to add the -x flag, as in the following example:
# Drop root to id 'ntp:ntp' by default.
OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"
# Set to 'yes' to sync hw clock after successful ntpdate
SYNC_HWCLOCK=no
# Additional options for ntpdate
NTPDATE_OPTIONS=""
Then, restart the NTP service.
# /sbin/service ntp restart
#/sbin/chkconfig ntpd on
Linux 硬盘分区
#fdisk -l
#fdisk /dev/sdb
#mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
#mount /dev/sdb1 /u01
#df -lh
#vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /u01 ext3 defaults 1 2
本案例中使用的是RedHat Enterprise AS 4 Update 2系统,内核版本为2.6.9-22.ELsmp,因此,
需要下载的OCFS2内核模块(kernel module)也必须相应版本的:
再下载OCFS2 tools(命令和启动脚本)以及 OCFS2 控制台:
o2cb_ctl: Unable to access cluster service while creating node
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