SQLServer由于主外键约束导致插入失败的记录方法

--创建Department(deptID,deptName)和UserInfo(userID, userName, sex, loginDate,deptid)
--其中deptID,userID是自动增长的,并且是主键。deptid是外键。并且插入测试数据

--创建序列
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_Dep
 START WITH 1
 INCREMENT BY 1
 NOMAXVALUE
 NOCYCLE
 CACHE 30;
--建表Department
CREATE TABLE Department
(
 deptID VARCHAR2(10) PRIMARY KEY,
 deptName VARCHAR2(20)
);

--插入测试数据
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'人事部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'技术部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'后勤部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'经理部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'销售部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'服务部');
INSERT INTO Department VALUES ('D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL,'公关部');
COMMIT;

--创建序列
CREATE SEQUENCE seq_User
 START WITH 1
 INCREMENT BY 1
 NOMAXVALUE
 NOCYCLE
 CACHE 30;
--建表UserInfo
CREATE TABLE UserInfo
(
 userID VARCHAR2(10) PRIMARY KEY,
 userName VARCHAR2(20),
 sex VARCHAR2(2),
 loginDate DATE,
 deptid VARCHAR2(10) REFERENCES Department (deptID)
);

--插入测试数据
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Eric Schmidt','男','12-9月-07','D1');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Larry Page','男','12-10月-07','D3');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Sergey Brin','男','12-11月-07','D5');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'W. M. Coughran, Jr.','男','1-12月-07','D4');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'David C. Drummond','女','12-12月-01','D2');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Alan Eustace','男','12-9月-07','D1');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Jeff Huber','男','12-10月-07','D3');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'George Reyes','男','12-11月-07','D5');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Elliot Schrage','男','1-12月-07','D4');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Tim Armstrong','女','12-12月-01','D2');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Nikesh Arora','女','12-12月-01','D2');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Sukhinder','男','12-9月-07','D1');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Vinton G. Cerf','男','12-10月-07','D3');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'George Reyes','男','12-11月-07','D5');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Dave Girouard','男','1-12月-07','D4');
INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES ('U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL,'Singh Cassidy','女','12-12月-01','D2');
COMMIT;

--3. 在deptid建立索引
CREATE INDEX deptid_index on UserInfo(deptid);

--4. 给Department和UserInfo创建同义词，名称分别是dept, sy_user
CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM dept FOR Department;
CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM sy_user FOR UserInfo;

/*
5. 通过同义词dept, user来创建视图，
视图要求能查询出“部门名称，部门编号，用户名，性别，注册时间”
*/
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW view_dept_user
("部门名称","部门编号","用户名","性别","注册时间")
AS SELECT d.deptName,d.deptID,u.userName,u.sex,u.loginDate 
 FROM dept d ,sy_user u 
 WHERE d.deptID=u.deptid;

--14. 使用Instead Of触发器，往第5题创建的视图中插入数据。
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
INSERT INTO view_dept_user ('部门名称','部门编号','用户名','性别','注册时间')
 VALUES('仓储部','D6','Dejan Perkovic','男','1-1月-08');

/*
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW view_dept_user
("部门名称","部门编号","用户名","性别","注册时间")
AS SELECT d.deptName,d.deptID,u.userName,u.sex,u.loginDate 
 FROM dept d ,sy_user u 
 WHERE d.deptID=u.deptid;
*/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER dept_user_insert
INSTEAD OF INSERT ON view_dept_user
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
 CURSOR cur_dept IS SELECT * FROM Department
 WHERE Department.deptID = :NEW.deptID;
 CURSOR cur_user IS SELECT * FROM sy_user
 WHERE sy_user.userName = :NEW.userName;
 d cur_dept%rowtype;
 u cur_user%rowtype;
 did dept.deptID%TYPE;
 uid sy_user.userID%TYPE;
BEGIN
 OPEN cur_dept;
 OPEN cur_user;
 FETCH cur_user INTO u;
 FETCH cur_dept INTO d; 
 /*
 如果插入的数据中部门ID不存在,则将 seq_Dep.NEXTVAL 产生的序号赋值给变量did,执行插入语句新增加一个部门。
 */
 IF cur_dept%NOTFOUND THEN
 did := 'D'||seq_Dep.NEXTVAL;
 INSERT INTO Department(deptID,deptName) VALUES(did,:NEW.deptName);
 /*
 如果插入数据中的员工不存在，则执行插入语句增加一个新员工
 */ 
 IF cur_user%NOTFOUND THEN
 uid := 'U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL;
 INSERT INTO UserInfo(userID,userName,sex,loginDate,deptid) VALUES(uid,:NEW.userName,:NEW.sex,:NEW.loginDate,did);
 END IF;
 
 IF cur_dept%FOUND THEN 
 /*
 如果插入的数据中部门ID是已经存在的部门ID,则更新部门名称
 */
 did:=:NEW.deptID;
 UPDATE Department SET Department.deptName WHERE Department.deptID = :NEW.deptID;
 /*
 如果插入数据中的员工不存在，则将seq_User.NEXTVAL 产生的序号赋值给变量uid,执行插入语句增加一个新员工
 */
 IF cur_user%NOTFOUND THEN
 uid := 'U'||seq_User.NEXTVAL;
 INSERT INTO UserInfo VALUES(uid,:NEW.userName,:NEW.sex,:NEW.loginDate,:NEW.deptID);
 ELSE
 /*
 如果插入数据中的员工已存在，则根据部门ID、员工姓名 来更新员工的其他字段的值，员工ID为主键，不用更新。
 考虑到同名员工存在的可能，但员工的ID不可能相同的特点，需要根据插入数据中的部门ID、员工姓名来查询出
 符合要求的员工的ID，用员工ID来进行后续的操作
 */
 SELECT userID INTO uid FROM UserInfo WHERE UserInfo.userName=:NEW.userName AND UserInfo.deptID=did;
 
 UPDATE UserInfo SET UserInfo.sex = :NEW.sex,UserInfo.loginDate = :NEW.loginDate,UserInfo.deptID = :NEW.sex 
 WHERE UserInfo.userID=uid AND UserInfo.userName=:NEW.userName;
 END IF;
 END IF;
 CLOSE ecur;
 CLOSE dcur;
END dept_user_insert;
/
show errors;

出现的错误提示:

警告: 创建的触发器带有编译错误。

SQL> show errors;
TRIGGER DEPT_USER_INSERT 出现错误:

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
3/31 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.DEPTID'
5/30 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.USERNAME'
20/56 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.DEPTNAME'
26/75 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.USERNAME'
26/89 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.SEX'
26/98 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.LOGINDATE'
33/10 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.DEPTID'
34/4 PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
34/46 PL/SQL: ORA-00927: 缺少等号
34/72 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.DEPTID'
40/37 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.USERNAME'

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
40/51 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.SEX'
40/60 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.LOGINDATE'
40/75 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.DEPTID'
47/66 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.USERNAME'
49/40 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.SEX'
49/70 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.LOGINDATE'
49/103 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.SEX'
50/53 PLS-00049: 错误的赋值变量 'NEW.USERNAME'
55/5 PLS-00103: 出现符号 "DEPT_USER_INSERT"在需要下列之一时：
 if