延读性动词
动词know可以表示动作的延续,比如我们过去认识,现在还认识彼此
如:
We have known each other for 2 years
动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
①延续性动词表示能够延续的动作
如:work,stand,know, walk, keep, have, wait, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语:for+时间since从句。
I have lived here forten years.
我在这里生活10年了。
She slept eight hoursyesterday.
她昨天睡了8个小时。
②非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词
表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die,close, begin, finish, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two yearsago at 5 o’clock。但不能和表示时间段的时间状语连用。
如:He died ten years ago. 不能说:He diedfor ten years.
否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
如:
I haven’t left here for 3 years.
I haven’t heard from him for 3 weeks.
③延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换
leave → be away borrow → keep
buy → have begin/start→ be on
die → be dead finish→ be over
fall ill → be ill get up → be up
become → be come back → be back
fall asleep → be asleep getto/ arrive/reach → be (in)
leave →be away from get to know → know
put on→ wear catch a cold→ have a cold
get married → be married
join → be in+机构→ be a member of
如:The oldman died4 years ago.
→The old man hasbeen dead for 4 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago.
→I have had the book for 5 days.
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